CBM stands for Cubic Meter, a standard measurement used in shipping and logistics to describe the volume of cargo.
Knowing how to calculate CBM is essential for freight forwarders, shippers, and importers to estimate shipping costs, plan container space, and avoid unnecessary fees.
In this guide, we’ll explain what CBM means, why it matters, and how you can calculate it easily.
What Does CBM Mean in Shipping?
CBM (Cubic Meter) measures the volume of your shipment, not its weight.
1 CBM = 1 meter (L) × 1 meter (W) × 1 meter (H)
Shipping companies use CBM to determine how much space your cargo will occupy inside a container, truck, or airplane.
In both sea freight and air freight, you are often charged based on whichever is greater: the actual weight or the volume (CBM).
Why is CBM Important for Shipping?
- Freight Pricing: Shipping companies calculate charges based on CBM or actual weight, whichever is higher.
- Container Planning: Helps optimize container space for FCL (Full Container Load) and LCL (Less-than-Container Load) shipments.
- Cost Estimation: Accurate CBM ensures precise shipping quotes.
- Customs Documentation: CBM is often required on packing lists, bills of lading, and shipping invoices.
How to Calculate CBM
🖼️ (Insert the CBM Diagram here)
The basic formula to calculate CBM is:
CBM = Length (m) × Width (m) × Height (m)
Important:
Always measure the outer dimensions of your cargo, including pallets, crates, or other packaging.
Step-by-Step CBM Calculation
- Measure the length, width, and height of your package in meters.
- Multiply these three dimensions together.
- The result is your cargo’s volume in CBM.
Example:
- Length = 1.2 meters
- Width = 0.8 meters
- Height = 0.5 meters
Calculation:
CBM = 1.2 × 0.8 × 0.5 = 0.48 CBM
How to Calculate CBM for Multiple Packages
If you have multiple identical packages:
Total CBM = CBM of one package × Number of packages
Example:
- CBM per box = 0.48
- Number of boxes = 10
Total CBM = 0.48 × 10 = 4.8 CBM
CBM Calculation for Different Shapes
| Shape | Formula |
|---|---|
| Rectangular Box | Length × Width × Height |
| Cylindrical Object | π × (Diameter ÷ 2)² × Height |
| Irregular Shapes | Approximate using the outer dimensions of the object |
How to Use an Online CBM Calculator (Easier Way)
Manual calculations work for small shipments, but for larger loads, using a CBM calculator like the one at Freightnerd is much faster and more accurate.
Steps:
- Open the Freightnerd CBM Calculator
- Choose your unit: cm, inches, or meters
- Enter your package dimensions
- Enter the quantity
- Click “Calculate”
- Instantly get your CBM!
Pro Tip:
If you have multiple package types, calculate each separately and sum the totals.
Common Mistakes When Calculating CBM
- Incorrect Units: Always check if you’re measuring in cm, inches, or meters.
- Ignoring Shape Variations: For odd-shaped cargo, consult with your freight forwarder.
- Forgetting Pallet Sizes: Always include pallet or skid dimensions if your shipment is palletized.
Final Thoughts
Understanding and accurately calculating CBM is a must for anyone involved in international shipping.
Whether you’re a small business sending products overseas or a freight forwarder managing container loads, getting your CBM right will save you time, money, and headaches.
Need help?
Use our free Freightnerd tools to simplify your logistics process and make smarter shipping decisions today!
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: What is the standard size of a shipping pallet?
A: 120 cm × 100 cm (48″ × 40″) is the most common.
Q: How much CBM can fit in a 20ft container?
A: A 20ft container can typically hold around 28–30 CBM.
Q: Is CBM more important than weight?
A: Both are important. Freight charges are often based on whichever — volume or weight — is greater.